DNA makes up genes. Transcription: The info stored in the gene's DNA is transcribed to RNA in the cell nucleus. The type of RNA that contains the info for making a protein is called messenger RNA, also known as mRNA. It carries out the information from the DNA, out of the nucleus, and into the cytoplasm. Translation: This happens in the cytoplasm. It is where the mRNA interacts with the ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Three bases make a codon, which usually codes for one particular amino acid, which is building blocks of proteins. Then, another type of RNA called transfer RNA, aka tRNA, assembles the protein by folding. This continues until the ribosome reaches a stop codon.