Hello to answer your questions properly
Waves derive their energy and motion from the wind.All waves have the
same characteristics. The top is known as a crest,and crests are separated by troughs.Waves height is measured from trough to crest and wavelength from crest to crest.
Waves consist of energy passing through water.The wave energy moves,not the water itself.
As waves approach the shore,the water becomes shallower and the waves get higher.Finally,the wave front collapes,or breaks.The turbulent water created by breakers is called surf.
2.
They use waves to track earthquakes because the waves are jolted by the shifting of the plates causing the earthquake. Scientists use buoys in the ocean that track how big that wave is and know the magnitude of it.
3. tokyo tsunami 2011 was a recent one beacause a 9.0 earth quake caused a devastating tsunami which was tracked by buoys and was able to warn people ahead of time.
Signed by, Frequent Answerer Sargedog