Answer:
1- Following World War II, Japanese literature was defined by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
2- During the Cultural Revolution, the work of many Chinese writers and intellectuals was discredited and destroyed by the government in a period marked by violent oppression.
3- The liberation refers to the Japanese surrender which ended World War II and Japan's control of Korea.
4- The Thirty-eight Parallel was the latitudinal border dividing North and South Korea.
Step-by-step explanation:
1- Immediately after Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed by the United States in World War II, Japan surrendered, only to be reborn from the ashes and learn from mistakes, becoming one of the powers of the world today.
Social, political and ideological changes gave rise to the emergence of a new generation of writers, as well as the emergence of cartoonists who relied on ancient novels to create a new literary genre that mixed the western story with Japan's ancestral history: Manga.
Masuji Ibuse published "Black Rain", of which there is a film version. Shintarō Ishihara wrote "The tribe of the sun" and Seicho Matsumoto created "Black fog", all works related to the events of 1945.
2- The Cultural Revolution was a sociopolitical movement that took place in China from 1966 to 1976. Initiated by Mao Zedong, then leader of the Chinese Communist Party, its stated goal was to preserve Chinese communism by eliminating the remains of capitalist and traditional elements of old China, and reimpose the thought of Mao Zedong as the dominant ideology within the Party. The Revolution marked the return of Mao to a position of power after the failures of his Great Leap Forward.
The movement began in May 1966, after Mao claimed that bourgeois elements had infiltrated the government and society in general, with the aim of restoring capitalism. To eliminate his rivals within the Communist Party of China, Mao insisted that the revisionists be eliminated through violent class struggle. The young Chinese responded to Mao's call by forming Red Guards groups throughout the country. It resulted in fights between generalized factions in all areas of life. In the dome, it led to a massive purge of senior officials, in particular Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping. During the same period, Mao's cult of personality grew to immense proportions.
3- In 1910, Korea was annexed by Japan and remained so until the end of World War II in August 1945, when the Soviet Union and the United States agreed to surrender Japanese forces in Korea, in an event called Liberation of Korea.
4- After Japan's surrender in World War II in 1945, Parallel 38 was established as the boundary between the Soviet (North) and American (South) occupation zones. The parallel divided the Korean peninsula approximately in half. In 1948 the line became the border between the two newly created nations; South Korea and North Korea.