Answer:
b. structural functionalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Structural Functionalism: The structural functionalism theory is based on the work of Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, Herbert Spencer, and Talcott Parsons.
The term structural functionalism is considered to be as the sociological theory which is described as explaining the nature of society behaving in a certain way and the reason behind it by focusing on the relationships between several social institutions that represent the society, for example, law, religion, education, government, etc.
In the question above, the structural-functionalism perspective is being used to understand the given example.