Final answer:
The 'medieval era' is correctly described as the period between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance, which encompasses the 5th to the 15th centuries. This era featured complex social and cultural changes, debunking the notion of the 'Dark Ages'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question "The 'medieval era' describes the period of history" is best answered with option c. between the fall of Rome and the coming of the Renaissance. The Medieval era, also known as the Middle Ages, is traditionally defined as the time from the 5th century, with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, to the onset of the Renaissance in the 14th and 15th centuries. This era in European history saw significant changes in social, political, and cultural spheres, and is subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.
The time period encompassed by the Medieval era saw the emergence of feudalism, the spread of Christianity and Islam, armed conflicts, and the rise and fall of various kingdoms and empires. Although once pejoratively referred to as the 'Dark Ages' by Renaissance scholars, modern historians recognize the Middle Ages as a vibrant and complex period that laid the groundwork for many aspects of modern Western society.