Question

Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

a. cardiac muscleb. most glandsc. smooth muscled. skeletal muscle

Answer 1

d. Skeletal muscle

Step-by-step explanation:

There are two components of efferent nervous system.

1. Somatic nervous system
2. Autonomic nervous system

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM:

Somatic nervous is one of the components of efferent/motor nervous system.

It controls voluntary activities. It involves the control of skeletal muscles.

It is composed of the motor neuron and the innervating muscle.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM:

Autonomic nervous system is the other efferent/motor system of the body. It controls the involuntary activities. It involves the control of cardiac muscle, glands and smooth muscles of the body.

It is composed of 2 neurons; preganglionic and postganglionic neurons.

Autonomic nervous system is further divided into:

• Sympathetic nervous system (it is responsible for flight and fight responses)
• Parasympathetic Nervous system (it is responsible for rest and digestion)
• Enteric division ( controls Gastrointestinal system)

QUESTION:

d. skeletal muscle

This is the correct answer choice as skeletal muscles are not controlled by autonomic nervous system. They are controlled by somatic nervous system and are under voluntary control.