Final answer:
Breast-feeding provides critical benefits including nourishment through colostrum and cost savings over formula. It also reduces risks of various infant health issues, though extra maternal caloric intake may vary. Mothers with certain infectious diseases should opt for formula.
Step-by-step explanation:
The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates for exclusive breast-feeding during the first 6 months of an infant's life due to its numerous benefits. Colostrum, which is produced in the first 48-72 hours postpartum, is an essential part of breast milk, providing vital immunoglobulins to the infant.
Breast-feeding is typically less expensive than formula feeding.
It can reduce an infant's risk of infection, allergies, and certain chronic diseases.
Mothers are recommended to consume additional calories while breastfeeding, but the exact amount may vary based on the individual's metabolism and the infant's needs.
Women with AIDS or active tuberculosis should not breastfeed due to the risk of transmitting the infection to the infant, and should instead use formula.