Final answer:
The fighting of the Hundred Years' War led to strengthening of Parliament in England, solidification of a strong monarchy in France, and a shift from feudal military practices to professional standing armies, influencing the political structure and the adoption of representative governments in Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political change brought about by the fighting of the Hundred Years' War included a shift in warfare, the strengthening of national governments, and altering the political landscape of Europe. In England, the war strengthened the role of Parliament, leading to a more frequent convening of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, and later to the acceptance of a representative government as an enlightened form of governance. Conversely, in France, a strong monarchy was solidified, as the war pushed for a common identity while regional assemblies maintained their power.
The use of new weapons like the longbow and tactics in the Hundred Years' War also signaled a shift from feudal military practices to professional standing armies, reducing the influence of traditional nobility. Political upheavals further reshaped the power dynamic between monarchs and representative governments, culminating in various treaties, revolutions, and the eventual establishment of nation-states in western Europe.