Final answer:
Progressivism was a reform movement in the early 20th century advocating for social justice and government efficiency, with a focus on improving existing systems, while advanced progressives, represented by groups like the Socialist Party, aimed for more radical changes including workers' empowerment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The terms progressive and advanced are often used in historical contexts to describe certain movements or ideas, especially at the turn of the 20th century. Progressivism was a movement that sought to improve society through government action and reforms at the local, state, and national levels, embracing ideas such as extending democracy, increasing government efficiency, and advocating for social justice. A section of the Progressives veered towards a more radical approach, though still separate from socialism, intending to empower workers and introduce significant structural economic changes. Unlike the radicals, mainstream Progressives were primarily middle-class reformers who believed in making changes within the capitalist system without overturning it, promoting protective regulations for workers and consumers, thereby hoping to correct its deficiencies without resorting to full government control.
The more advanced progressives, which included groups like the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World, aimed for a broader and oftentimes more revolutionary change, emphasizing workers' empowerment and direct action rather than solely legislative reform. While they shared the ultimately progressive vision of improved working conditions and environmental protections, their strategies were significantly different from the mainstream Progressive movement. This divergence of strategies made it difficult for all Progressive activists to present a united front.