Question

7. The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called——
and it occurs in the ___

Answer 1

The process of creating a protein from RNA is known as translation and takes place in the ribosome, where the sequence encoded in mRNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Step-by-step explanation:

The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called translation. This vital part of protein synthesis occurs in the ribosome, which is found in the cytoplasm of the cell. Translation is initiated when an mRNA molecule, synthesized during transcription in the nucleus, migrates into the cytoplasm and binds to a ribosome. This is where the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and, with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, assembles a chain of amino acids into a polypeptide, or protein, according to the sequence of codons on the mRNA. The ribosome facilitates the correct alignment of tRNA molecules and their corresponding amino acids to the mRNA template, thereby ensuring the protein is assembled in the right order.

Once a stop codon is encountered on the mRNA sequence, termination of translation occurs. This signals the end of the protein assembly process, leading to the release of the newly synthesized protein for folding and, if necessary, further post-translational modifications. The ribosome itself is constituted of two subunits and includes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which plays a critical role in the protein synthesis process.

Answer 2

Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. ... A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time.