Which of the following exemplified the church's ultimate refusal to compromise with Protestantism during the Catholic Reformation?
a. Pope Paul III, who proved to be an ultra-conservative in refusing possible changes within the church
b. the Roman Inquisition and the creation of the Index
c. the Council of Trent, at which moderate Catholics and Jesuits heard the Protestants proclaim their doctrines
d. Pope Paul IV, a moderate pope who proposed to moderate all Catholic-Protestant disputes
e. none of the above