Question

A human kidney filters about 200 liters of blood each day. Approximately two liters of liquid and nutrient waste are excreted as urine. The remaining fluid and dissolved substances are reabsorbed and continue to circulate throughout the body. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted in response to reduced plasma volume. ADH targets the collecting ducts in the kidney, stimulating the insertion of aquaporins into their plasma membranes and an increased reabsorption of water.If ADH secretion is inhibited, which of the following would initially result?

(a)-The number of aquaporins would increase in response to the inhibition of ADH.
(b)-The person would decrease oral water intake to compensate for the inhibition of ADH.
(c)-Blood filtration would increase to compensate for the lack of aquaporins.
(d)-The person would produce greater amounts of dilute urine.

Answer 1

(d)-The person would produce greater amounts of dilute urine.

Step-by-step explanation:

Inhibition of the release of ADH (or vasopressin) secretion results in less water absorption in the distal and kidney collector tubules, resulting from less aquaporin activity, reducing the diffusion of water in these tubule cells to the medullary region of the kidneys.

These processes therefore result in increased urination with more dilute urine. An example of ADH inhibition is when we drink a certain amount of ethyl alcohol found in many beverages, because the ethanol found in these compounds causes suppressive changes in the activity of this hormone.