Question

A study of the dietary habits of a group of people who had recently developed cancer and a group without cancer found that during the previous five years the diets of"

"the two groups' members closely matched each other in the amount of yogurt they contained. Yogurt contains galactose, which is processed in the body by an enzyme. In the people with cancer the levels of this enzyme were too low to process the galactose in the yogurt they were consuming. It can be concluded that galactose in amounts exceeding the body's ability to process it is carcinogenic.

Of the following, which one constitutes the strongest objection to the reasoning in the argument?

(A) The argument fails to consider whether the dietary habits of everyone in the two groups were the same in all other respects."
(B) The argument neglects to recommend that people with low levels of the enzyme avoid eating yogurt."
(C) The argument focuses on only one substance that can increase the risk of cancer when it is well known that there are many such substances."
(D) The argument overlooks the possibility that cancer causes low levels of the enzyme."
(E) The argument does not specify whether any member of either group lacked the enzyme entirely.

Answer 1

D

Step-by-step explanation:

(D) The argument overlooks the possibility that cancer causes low levels of the enzyme."

Answer 2

(D) The argument overlooks the possibility that cancer causes low levels of the enzyme."

Step-by-step explanation:

The argument that "galactose in quantities exceeding the body's ability to process it is carcinogenic" cannot be regarded as true. A cancer can modify many processes in the body, increase or decrease the amount of hormones, enzymatic activities, metabolic processes, among others. The study of galactose, shown in the question above, does not take into account that cancer can decrease the amount of the enzyme that metabolizes galactose in the body and this can cause this intolerance that people with cancer have.