Final answer:
The Serbian ethnic cleansing in Kosovo led to the NATO bombing campaign, termed Operation Allied Force, which aimed to stop the violence and protect ethnic Albanian civilians.
Step-by-step explanation:
Serbian Ethnic Cleansing in Kosovo
The conflict in Kosovo involving Serbian ethnic cleansing led to a significant international response. In the late 1990s, under the leadership of Serbian President Slobodan Miloševik, there were efforts to unite all ethnic Serbs into a Greater Serbia, which included aggressive actions against the majority Albanian population in Kosovo. This resulted in a civil war between the Serbian forces and Kosovo Albanian rebels, mainly the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA).
The violence and atrocities prompted the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to intervene. In March 1999, NATO launched an air campaign named Operation Allied Force against Serbian-dominated Yugoslavia. Despite not being sanctioned by the United Nations and facing criticism from Russia and China, this action was pivotal in pressuring Yugoslavia to withdraw its forces from Kosovo in June 1999, effectively ending the campaign of ethnic cleansing.
Overall, the correct answer to the student's question is that the Serbian ethnic cleansing in Kosovo led to the NATO bombing campaign, which was a part of the international effort to stop the violence and protect the ethnic Albanian civilians living there.