Probabilities are calculated using the simple formula:
Probability = Number of desired outcomes ÷ Number of possible outcomes
So to get a 6 when rolling a six-sided die, probability = 1 ÷ 6 = 0.167, or 16.7 percent chance.
Independent probabilities are calculated using:
Probability of both = Probability of outcome one × Probability of outcome two
So to get two 6s when rolling two dice, probability = 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/36 = 1 ÷ 36 = 0.0278, or 2.78 percent.