Final answer:
General José de San Martín was the Argentinean leader responsible for the liberation of Argentina, Chile, and Peru from Spanish rule, known for his strategic military campaigns including the crossing of the Andes mountains.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Argentinean Revolutionary Leader
The Argentinean revolutionary leader known for liberating Argentina, Chile, and Peru is General José de San Martín. A European educated and militarily trained leader who joined the South American independence movements, San Martín was integral to the liberation of his home country, Argentina, in 1816. He didn't stop there; he saw the importance of a unified front against Spanish control in South America. In 1817, after a daring crossing of the Andes mountains, he led his forces to a decisive victory in Chile, with the support of Bernardo O'Higgins, and by 1819 independence was declared. The subsequent campaign in Peru concluded with the defeat of Spanish royalist forces and the achievement of Peru's independence.
These military campaigns were crucial in the fight for independence from Spanish rule, significantly reducing the European power's hold over the continent. San Martín's strategic brilliance and his determination to see South America freed from colonial domination made him a key figure in the continent's history. His acts of liberation alongside other prominent figures, like Simón Bolívar, contributed to the shaping of the continent's modern national boundaries and government structures.