Answer:
Endosperm
Step-by-step explanation:
- An endosperm develops in a seed after a process known as double fertilisation occurs in the ovary of a flower whereby one of the sperm nuclei inside a pollen grain reaches the interior of the embryo sac and fuses with the two polar nuclei forming a triploid nucleus which is the primary endosperm.
- The endosperm supports embryonic growth by supplying nutrients and acting as a mechanical barrier to protect the embryo during seed development and germination.
- The endosperm has living cells that regulate seed germination.
- The endosperm is secreted with hydrolysis enzymes through the gibberellin hormone that induces the synthesis of amylase in the aleurone layer.
- The hydrolysis enzyme catabolizes starch which act as energy source providing carbon and nitrogen for seed germination and seedling development.