QUESTION 1a
The given function is:

By number of terms we classify this as a binomial.
By degree, we classify this as a quartic polynomial.
QUESTION 1b)
The given function is:

based on number of terms: trinomial
based on degree: quadratic polynomial.
QUESTION 1c
The given function is;

Using number of terms: monomial
Using degree: cubic polynomial
QUESTION 2a.
Michael's weight:

Al's weight:

Ratio:

QUESTION 1d
We need to simplify the ratio:

We divide both terms in the ratio by;

This gives us:

QUESTION 1e
If the ratios were negative, then the ratio becomes:

We divide each term of the ratio by,

This gives us;

Yes,that will change the answer.
QUESTION 2a
The given trinomials are;

and

The sum of two trinomials is always a trinomial is a false statement.
Question 2b)
We add the two trinomials to get,

This is a binomial.