Question

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that affects the nerve cells of the brain and the spinal cord. Some of the symptoms of MS are chronic pain, pins-and-needles sensations, muscle weakness, and visual disturbances. Study the image, and then explain the cause for these symptoms.

Answer 1

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the CNS or central nervous system. CNS includes brain and spinal cord. It is a disease may disable brain and spinal cord. The image shows a healthy nerve and a nerve affected by multiple sclerosis. In this disease, protective sheath of nerve fibre called myelin is attacked by the immune system. As a result nerve fibre is exposed which causes communication problems between brain and the rest of your body. Eventually MS can permanently damage the nerves.

Answer 2

Ans.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder of nerve cells of spinal cord and brain. It is caused due to destructive immune response of body against covering of nerve cells . The axons of nerve cells are covered by a myelin-sheath, which provides insulation to the nerve cells and speeds up the rate of nerve transmission.

In healthy nerves, axons are insulated properly with myelin sheath and these nerve cells will perform perform proper function. In nerves affected with multiple sclerosis, nerve axons are demyelinated as the myelin sheath is damaged. It leads to impairment in signal transduction and results muscle pain, needles sensation, and deficiency in cognition, movement, or sensation.