The effectiveness of the Supreme Court in extending liberties outlined in the United States Constitution to all American citizens has been an important element to keep the country moving ahead in modern times, adopting laws to different conditions and necessities.
Let’s set some examples.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. The Supre Court ruled that racial segregation in public school represented a violation of the 14th Amendment.
New York Times Co. v. the United States. The decision of the Supreme Court allowed two newspapers, The New York Times and The Washington Post to publish the Pentagon Papers. With this decision, the Court made a giant step in the freedom of the press with no risk of any consequence from the part of the government.
Finally, the District of Columbia v. Heller. The Supreme Court ruled that possession of a fire arm in a person was protected by the 2nd Amendment, if that firearm is for personal and home protection.