Answer: The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863. It proclaimed the freedom of slaves in the ten Confederate states still in rebellion. It also decreed that freed slaves could be enlisted in the Union Army, thereby increasing the Union's available manpower. Despite a vocal Abolitionist movement in the North, many people and many soldiers, in particular, opposed slavery, but did not favor emancipation. They expected slavery to die on its own over time.
The south also had the advantage of fighting occured inside confederate territory. This gave the confederate troops an advantage, as they knew the land better than the North. Also, the south was fighitng a defensive war. All the south needed to do was to hold off the Northern invasion.
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